Unity in diversity: A systematic review on the GHB using population

Over the past decades gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) has emerged as a popular drug with high potential of (ab)use due to its euphoric and relaxing effects. An overview different populations using GHB is urgently needed, since this would enable development adequate prevention treatment policies diminish risks associated use. We systematically reviewed literature on populations, comparing demographic characteristics, use patterns, psychosocial aspects psychiatric comorbidity. conducted systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines Rayyan software. Original studies published from January 1997 up October 2019 were included. Out 80 full-text articles, 60 articles 51 unique Most included people 1) presenting at emergency departments (n = 22), 2) recruited general population 11), or 3) addiction care 8). Three main sub-populations are described in literature: recreationally without adverse effects; effects, dependence GHB. These groups show considerable overlap gender, age range, comorbid substance use, well amount per occasion. Differences related frequency function number comas experienced, work status, Policy interventions should aim preventing transition recreational most users experienced prior starting When regularly, reducing level use-related harm. Longitudinal population-based probability sampling required more insight dynamics sub-populations, one group other, ultimately leading